Starbreeze: Payday 3 will be a marathon

Research Update

2024-02-16

09:21

Analyst Q&A

Closed

Tomas Otterbeck answered 6 questions.

Starbreeze's year-end report for 2023 caused a stock drop of about 15%. Higher direct costs, most likely of a one-time nature, weighed heavily on the quarter, with more than SEK20m directly linked to the server issues that occurred during the launch of Payday 3. Looking ahead, we believe that the recovery for Payday 3 will be a marathon, where it will be challenging in the near term to generate returns on the investments made in game development.

TO

JW

Tomas Otterbeck

John Westborg

Higher sales than expected

Net sales came in higher than expected at SEK69m (estimated at SEK47m). Payday 3 generated higher revenue than expected during the quarter, while the launch of the publishing title Roboquest provided support as expected (approximately SEK14m). However, the game had its official launch during the quarter (having previously been in soft launch on Steam). We expect the platform deal with Microsoft to also have positively contributed to publishing revenues.

Only minor adjustments to estimates

We are slightly adjusting the net sales for 2024 due to Payday 3 sales not exceeding expectations during the quarter. We anticipate a similar pattern to the previous year, where Q2 and Q4 are the strongest months for Starbreeze. Player sentiment has not been particularly positive in recent months, something we expect to improve slightly in the coming months. During the year, the company's next major game will enter full production, likely meaning that a majority of game developers will be allocated to the next project. Starbreeze thus has about six months to fully address what the community perceives as "broken".

Full focus on regaining trust

Player sentiment has not been particularly positive in recent months, something we expect to improve slightly in the coming months. During the year, the company's next major game will enter full production, likely meaning that a majority of game developers will be allocated to the next project. Starbreeze thus has about six months to fully address what the community perceives as "ruined." We are not making any changes to the valuation at this time.

Our "fair value range" is SEK0.35-1.2 per share with a base case of SEK0.7 per share.

Key financials

SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Revenues122.5633.5181.0166.1728.5
Revenue Growth-2.6%417%-71.4%-8.3%339%
EBITDA66.3441.760.840.8592.9
EBIT6.7190.4-51.2-39.3407.9
EBIT Margin5.5%30.0%-28.3%-23.6%56.0%
Net Income-54.7154.2-53.2-31.3419.9
EV/Sales9.81.65.57.01.0
EV/EBIT1795.5-19.4-29.51.7

Investment thesis

Case

Masters of “Games as a Service”

Starbreeze has shown that the company can create recurring revenue from a loyal fanbase for a long period of time twice, both with Payday 2 and through the publishing success Dead by Daylight. With the release of the much awaited Payday 3, ten years after its forerunner, Starbreeze has a good chance to continue the successful journey with the Payday-franchise. Starbreeze has also started initiatives to develop a new game planned to be released in 2025/2026 and re-launched its publishing unit.

Evidence

Game launch is only the beginning

Payday 2 has generated net revenues of more than SEK1.3b to Starbreeze in ten years. An interesting aspect is that Payday 2 brought in “only” SEK120m in net income during the initial period after launch (in this case four and a half months) which shows how well Starbreeze manages the business model “Game as a Service”. Payday 3 has shown a major negative trend in engagement since its opening week, but so did Payday 2. We expect that the engagement will come back like last time, when new content has been launched.

Challenge

Key personnel have left the building

The success of Payday 3 ultimately is decided by the quality of the game, and how well it manages to serve loyal fans as well as create new ones the next-coming years. We would of course be more confident in the long-term quality assurance if more original creators (of Payday 1 and 2) were still operative in the company such as key game designer Ulf Andersson.

Challenge

A somewhat weak ownership

Starbreeze has no active major shareholders. Due to very bad risk management historically that ended in reconstruction in 2018, no founders, active personnel, or manager of the board have a significant shareholding. This, of course, weakens the incentives in the company to build great shareholder value.

Valuation

High dependence on one game launch

Starbreeze financial postition is strong after the succesful rights issue in june 2023 and the strong initial sales from Payday 3 of close to SEK500m. We expect a net cash position in Starbreeze of roughly SEK400m at the end of 2024. This is a major contrast to the SEK380m in debt Starbreeze had at the year-end of 2022. We assume Starbreeze is likely a takeover target.

Our Q4-comments

Net sales came in higher than expected. Sales totaling SEK69m were more in line with our previous estimate of SEK78m than our reduced estimate during our "preview" of SEK47m. Revenue for Payday 3 was twice as high as for Payday 2 during the quarter, which was a better distribution than we had expected. However, Starbreeze received more than 50% of net revenue from the publisher, resulting in a positive net effect of approximately SEK12m within the "Net sales" category. The business unit within publishing, consisting only of Roboquest during the quarter, performed as expected and generated approximately SEK14m during the quarter. However, the game had its official launch during the quarter (having previously been in soft launch on Steam). We expect that the platform deal with Microsoft also contributed positively to publishing revenues. This means that this revenue is likely to be significantly longer-lasting in Q1, despite the game's relatively good popularity.

Starbreeze: Actuals vs estimates
(SEKm)Q4EQ4ADiff
Net Sales47.469.221.8
Direct Cost-23.4-111.3-87.9
Gross Profit24.0-42.1-66.1
Marketing Cost-9.5-15.3-5.9
Admin Cost-21.2-22.3-1.1
Other Revenue0.22.52.3
EBITDA17.1-20.5-37.5
EBIT-6.4-95.0-88.6

Profitability, however, was worse than our estimates, with EBIT and EBITDA coming in lower than expected. Two cost items were higher than expected. Sales and marketing expenses were SEK15m compared to the expected SEK9.5m. But it was primarily the difficult-to-predict "Other Revenue/Expenses" that caused trouble, which can be seen as a balance between assets and liabilities. This item had a negative currency effect, which negatively affected the result. However, it has no impact on the operational activities, making it misleading in many ways. The net effect of "Other Revenue/Expenses" in our estimates was around SEK0m while the outcome of these two was around SEK-15m. EBITDA was thus SEK-20.6m compared to the expected SEK17.1m.

The amortization rate during the quarter was also higher than expected. Depreciation and impairment were SEK74.4m compared to the expected SEK23.5m. This naturally has a dramatic effect on EBIT, which during the quarter was SEK-95.0m compared to our estimate of SEK-6.4m.

The cash position was SEK348m at the end of the year. In the balance sheet, there are also receivables of approximately SEK150m to be paid out by the publisher, which means that Starbreeze is considered to have a stable financial position.

The CEO commented on the poor engagement for Payday 3. The proven best strategy a gaming company can have to reverse a negative trend is to listen to the player community and make the changes they want. A fairly simple recipe for success, but of course, more difficult to implement optimally in practice. Payday still has a very engaged community, which makes the prospects better than for many other game series.

We currently have relatively pessimistic sales estimates for 2024, reflecting the uncertainty surrounding Payday 3 in the coming quarters. We feel slightly more positive after the stronger numbers for the quarter. However, it must be taken into account that Payday 3 was still a new game during the quarter, while holiday sales should have provided some additional sales.

Financial projections

Starbreeze: Redeye estimates
(SEKm)Q1Q2Q3Q42024E2025E2026E
Net Sales37.049.540.454.1181.0166.1728.5
Direct Cost-32.0-32.1-32.5-34.5-131.1-100.0-205.0
Gross Profit5.017.47.919.649.966.1523.5
Marketing Cost-4.8-5.2-4.0-5.8-19.8-21.3-41.6
Admin Cost-20.5-19.4-18.6-22.8-81.3-84.0-74.0
Other Revenue0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
EBITDA7.720.813.319.060.840.8592.9
EBIT-20.3-7.2-14.7-9.0-51.2-39.3407.9
Financial expenses-1.5-1.5-1.5-1.5-6.00.00.0
Net Profit-19.8-6.7-14.2-8.5-57.2-39.3407.9
Gross margin13%35%20%36%28%40%72%
EBITDA margin21%42%33%35%34%25%81%
EBIT margin-55%-15%-36%-17%-28%-24%56%


We are not making major changes regarding our estimates for the coming three years. We are slightly adjusting up the net revenue for 2024 because Payday 3 sales did not exceed expectations during the quarter. We anticipate a similar pattern as the previous year, where Q2 and Q4 are the strongest months for Starbreeze. Player sentiment has not been particularly positive in recent months, something we expect to improve slightly in the coming months as Starbreeze addresses elements in the game that people complain about. During Q2, we expect that a new DLC and, for example, our spring sale on various platforms will increase revenues.

For 2024, we have raised our full-year estimate slightly for net sales to SEK181m (SEK159m). We have also slightly increased the expected operating result (EBIT) to SEK-51m (SEK-58m).

For 2025, we maintain our estimate for net revenue. We have increased the expected operating result (EBIT) to SEK39m (SEK-61m). This is entirely explained by lower estimated amortization during the year. Starbreeze has a more aggressive amortization rate than previously estimated, which weighed on EBIT during the last reported quarter. Starbreeze amortized about one-third of the activations for Payday 3 during Q3, coinciding with the game's launch. Over the next 11 months, the company will amortize an additional third. The final third will then be written off starting in Q4 2024 and continuing for 24 months. This pertains to amortizations only for the base game launched at the end of September 2023.

Valuation

The enterprise value (EV) was approximately SEK110m at that time. These are historically low levels for Starbreeze, and there is much indication that the IP rights for Payday are significantly more valuable despite the rough start for Payday 3. However, the market rarely looks beyond two years, and during this period, it is highly uncertain what profitability Starbreeze will demonstrate. Given Starbreeze's low enterprise value and focused business with a clean balance sheet, it cannot be ruled out that there are entities interested in acquiring Starbreeze with a bid premium, primarily to access its Payday brand. The most likely contender, in our view, is currently Microsoft. However, there are several other entities that may be interested.

Starbreeze: Scenarios
Base case2027E2028E2029ETerminal
Revenue567369268
Growth-22%-35%-27%2%
EBITDA206177130
EBITDA-margin36%48%49%55%
EBIT-margin-3%9%10%19%
Bull case
Revenue864838815
Growth1%-3%-3%2%
EBITDA320436416
EBITDA-margin37%52%51%42%
EBIT-margin12%27%26%24%
Bear case
Revenue306343380
Growth-6%12%11%2%
EBITDA86110120
EBITDA-margin28%32%32%28%
EBIT-margin8%12%12%10%
Source: Redeye Research

Peer-valuation

2024E (SEKm)EVEV/SEV/EBITDAEV/EBITGrowthEBIT%
Embracer Group43,0730.9x3.4x5.3x6%18%
Paradox Interactive20,4507.3x10.5x21.5x6%34%
EG77460.4x1.6x2.6x-9%15%
Remedy Entertainment2,4683.3x14.3x23.2x93%14%
Stillfront Group9,6531.4x3.8x5.5x1%25%
G5 Entertainmnet8780.7x3.3x7.3x-6%10%
MTG7,2471.2x4.8x8.0x7%15%
Thunderful Group8990.3x2.3x4.2x0%7%
Median Nordics4,8571.13.66.43%15%
Average Nordics10,6771.95.59.712%17%
11 Bit Studios3,6774.3x5.8x6.9x411%62%
Team 174,2422.1x7.4x9.1x3%23%
Keyword Studios18,7251.8x9.4x12.8x15%14%
Frontier Development7660.6xnegneg7%-9%
EA386,9154.7x13.3x14.7x3%32%
Take Two300,9264.0x18.2x19.9x34%20%
Bandai Namco129,5231.7x10.5x12.6x5%13%
CD Projekt Red27,33213.4x28.6x45.2x-33%30%
Median International23,0283.010.512.86%22%
Average International109,0134.111.615.155%23%
Starbreeze (Redeye est)1150.61.9-2.2-71%-1%


Since we currently anticipate a negative EBIT for 2024 and 2025 before the next major game launch, it is challenging to draw any significant conclusions using a peer table. The median for Nordic companies regarding EV/EBIT is half of what it is for the international ones. However, the international companies have a median EBIT margin of 22% compared to the Nordic ones, which have 15% according to estimates for 2024. Growth is also expected to be lower for the Nordic companies during this year.

On the blunt profitability measure of EV/EBITDA, Starbreeze appears cheap. However, this measure can be misleading for companies that capitalize a larger portion of costs and have different strategies for amortization rates.

Quality Rating

People: 2

CEO is a game industry veteran. However, the senior team and the CEO have been together for less than five years. The company has an initiative program linked to Payday 3 quality and commercial success, which is positive according to our rating. The biggest reason for the relatively low score in the category “People” is that our new rating generates a lower score in “ownership”.  Starbreeze has no owner with a significant stake in the company in its leadership (the Board) or management. 

Business: 3

Starbreeze profitability in a three-year period depends on how successful Payday 3 becomes. Payday is a very strong brand. For example, approximately Payday has 8.5 million members within the PC-related community on Steam and 600-800 000 monthly active users. With Starbreeze “Game as a Service” business model, the company has proven for 10 years that its revenue could be described as recurring, which is s a strong sign of financial stability in its core business. However, by its nature, the gaming industry is very competitive, which results in a neutral score in our rating, despite some moats related to the Payday brand.

Financials: 2

Due to no major game releases in tha last few years the financial numbers is relatively weak. Two more points have been added in June 2023 due to the fact that Starbreeze after the right issue is debt free. Starbreeze therefore scores 5 out of 5 regarding its financial condition in our Redeye Rating.

Financials

Income statement
SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Revenues122.5633.5181.0166.1728.5
Cost of Revenue60.5309.2131.1100.0205.0
Operating Expenses-4.4-117.4-10.925.3-69.4
EBITDA66.3441.760.840.8592.9
Depreciation15.615.216.03.39.3
Amortizations44.1233.681.680.0175.8
EBIT6.7190.4-51.2-39.3407.9
Shares in Associates7.38.58.58.58.5
Interest Expenses61.439.76.00.000.00
Net Financial Items-61.4-36.6-6.00.000.00
EBT-54.7153.8-57.2-39.3407.9
Income Tax Expenses0.00-0.390.000.000.00
Net Income-54.7154.2-53.2-31.3419.9
Balance sheet
Assets
Non-current assets
SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Property, Plant and Equipment (Net)2.24.4183.4388.1570.9
Goodwill48.346.746.746.746.7
Intangible Assets502.5453.8379.5306.1144.2
Right-of-Use Assets20.46.26.2-0.24-0.24
Other Non-Current Assets5.217.917.90.000.00
Total Non-Current Assets585.9537.5642.1749.1770.0
Current assets
SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Inventories0.000.000.000.000.00
Accounts Receivable11.662.014.513.358.3
Other Current Assets40.6164.214.513.358.3
Cash Equivalents108.2347.8395.9230.8681.8
Total Current Assets160.5574.0424.9257.3798.4
Total Assets746.41,111.51,067.01,006.51,568.4
Equity and Liabilities
Equity
SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Non Controlling Interest0.000.000.000.000.00
Shareholder's Equity56.8894.7930.4872.21,292.0
Non-current liabilities
SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Long Term Debt381.00.000.000.000.00
Long Term Lease Liabilities5.40.160.160.160.16
Other Long Term Liabilities0.001.81.81.81.8
Total Non-Current Liabilities386.52.02.02.02.0
Current liabilities
SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Short Term Debt247.80.000.000.000.00
Short Term Lease Liabilities16.26.56.56.56.5
Accounts Payable0.00100.212.711.687.4
Other Current Liabilities39.2108.1115.4114.8181.0
Total Current Liabilities303.2214.8134.6132.9274.9
Total Liabilities and Equity746.41,111.51,067.01,007.11,569.0
Cash flow
SEKm202220232024e2025e2026e
Operating Cash Flow10.1114.6100.449.5656.9
Investing Cash Flow-148.0-202.4-202.2-214.6-205.9
Financing Cash Flow0.00327.40.000.000.00

Rating definitions

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